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 IRAQ NEWS 
The Associated Press 04:14:17 16 Sep. 2005
A Look at the Final Changes in Iraq's Constitution

Slight changes were made to produce what Iraqi officials say is the final version of the country's constitution. A referendum on the charter is to be held Oct. 15.

Article (3): CHANGED.

Old version: ''Iraq is a multiethnic, multi-religious and multi-sect country. It is part of the Islamic world and its Arab people are part of the Arab nation.''

New version: ''Iraq is a multiethnic, multi-religious and multi-sect country. It is part of the Islamic world and is a founding and effective member of the League of Arab Nations and is committed to its charter.''

The reason: Sunni Arabs and the Arab League sought the change to underline the country's connection to the Arab world.

Article (44): DELETED.

The removed text: All individuals have the right to enjoy the rights stated in international human rights agreements and treaties endorsed by Iraq that don't run contrary to the principles and rules of this constitution.

The reason: The United States reportedly sought its removal, concerned it allowed the constitution to supersede international treaties.

Article (110), Clause 7: CHANGED.

Old version: ''drawing up the general water resources policy and organizing it in a way that would guarantee equitable distribution and this will be regulated by law.''

New version: ''drawing up the general water resources policy and organizing it in a way that would guarantee fair distribution and this will be regulated by law.''

The reason: Shiites wanted the clause to conform with another article that talks about a ''fair distribution'' of oil revenues. While Sunni Arabs are afraid they will be cut out of oil revenues, Shiites in the south fear being cut out of water resources, since the country's rivers run through Sunni and Kurdish regions before reaching the Shiites. With the change, each group's demands will be on the same basis.

Article (139): ADDED.

The added text: ''The Prime Minister has two deputies during the first parliamentary cycle.''

The reason: The Kurds sought this addition to ensure ethnic balance: One deputy would presumably be Kurdish, the other Sunni Arab with a Shiite prime minister.

(HA)


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